Kwishishini lokuthengwa kwempahla ye-arhente, ungaphatha iindidi ezimbini ze ii-invoyisi: I-Invoyisi yeProforma (PI) kunye ne-Invoyisi yoRhwebo (CI). Ezi ntlobo zimbini zee-invoyisi zidlala indima eyahlukileyo kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, kunye neemeko ezahlukeneyo zesicelo kunye nemiphumo yomthetho. Ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kwabo kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni inkqubela phambili egudileyo yeentengiselwano zakho.
I-invoyisi esemthethweni luxwebhu lwentengiso olungacwangciswanga oludla ngokusetyenziswa phambi kokuba kusayinwe ikhontrakthi esesikweni. Ibandakanya ulwazi olufana nenkcazo yemveliso, ixabiso leyunithi, ubungakanani, isixa esipheleleyo, indlela yokuhlawula, ukupakishwa, ixesha lokuhambisa, njl.
Ndiqulunqe imisebenzi ephambili esesikweni ii-invoyisi kuwe, kuquka oku kulandelayo:
- Ucaphulo lobungakanani: Unokubonelela ngolwazi oluthile lwexabiso kumthengi, oluququzelela ukwenza izigqibo.
- Ukuqinisekiswa kwentengiso: Phambi kokutyikitywa kwekhontrakthi esesikweni, oku kungasebenza njengobungqina bamaqela omabini’ injongo yokwenza.
- Isicelo seLayisenisi kunye neMvume: Kwamanye amazwe, ngokusesikweni ii-invoyisi inokusetyenziswa ngabathengi njengamaxwebhu okufaka isicelo selayisensi yokungenisa elizweni okanye izabelo zotshintshiselwano lwangaphandle, ibonelela abathengi lula.
- Ukuvula ileta yetyala: Iibhanki zinokufuna i-invoyisi esemthethweni ukuqonda iinkcukacha zentengiselwano ukuze zivule ileta yekhredithi.
I-invoyisi yorhwebo yenye yamaxwebhu abaluleke kakhulu ekuhlalisweni korhwebo lokuthumela ngaphandle, kwaye onke amanye amaxwebhu kufuneka alungiselelwe malunga nayo. Imisebenzi ephambili yorhwebo ii-invoyisi ziquka oku kulandelayo:
- Ukukhutshwa kwezithethe kunye nokuhlaliswa: Ezorhwebo ii-invoyisi ngamaxwebhu abalulekileyo kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, asetyenziselwa ukukhutshwa kwempahla, ukuhlaliswa, uphicotho-zincwadi, ukubhengezwa kwerhafu, kunye neerekhodi ezisemthethweni kunye nobungqina bentengiselwano. Iqinisekisa ukuba semthethweni kunye nokungafihli kwentengiselwano, ngelixa ilula inkqubo yokucocwa kwezithethe kunye nokunciphisa imingcipheko yentengiselwano.
- Ukurekhoda iintengiselwano: Ezorhwebo ii-invoyisi zisebenza njengeerekhodi zentengiselwano ezisesikweni zabo bobabini abathengi kunye nabathengisi, kunye nesiphumo somthetho kunye nokubonelela ngokhuseleko lomthetho kumacala omabini.
- Uphicotho-zincwadi kunye neRhafu: Ezorhwebo ii-invoyisi zisisiseko esibalulekileyo sokuba amashishini enze uphicotho-zincwadi zemali kunye nezibhengezo zerhafu.
Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kweProforma I-invoyisi (PI) kunye neNtengiso I-invoyisi (CI) ilele kwinjongo yazo, amandla okubophelela ngokusemthethweni, kunye nenqanaba leenkcukacha kumxholo wabo:
1.Injongo kunye nexesha:
IProforma I-invoyisi (PI) isetyenziswe ngaphambi kokuba kugqitywe ukuthengiselana, ngokukodwa ukubonelela abathengi ngesicatshulwa sokuqala kunye nemimiselo yorhwebo ukuququzelela uthethathethwano kunye neengxoxo.
Luxwebhu olungacwangciswanga, oludla ngokunikezelwa kubathengi ngaphambi kokuba isivumelwano sisayinwe, esibavumela ukuba bahlole iindleko kwaye balungiselele iinkqubo zokurhweba ezilandelayo. Ngokwahlukileyo, i-Commerce I-invoyisi (CI) isetyenziswe emva kokunikezelwa kwempahla, isebenza njengoxwebhu lokuthengisa olusemthethweni olurekhoda iinkcukacha ezithile zentengiselwano kwaye luxwebhu oluphambili kubathengi ukuba benze iintlawulo kunye nokucacisa amasiko.
2.Legal Binding Force:
I-Invoyisi yeProforma (PI) ayinakunyanzeliswa ngokusemthethweni; ifana kakhulu neleta yenjongo yentengiselwano esetyenziselwa unxibelelwano kunye nothethathethwano phakathi kwamaqela.
Kwelinye icala, i-Commerce I-invoyisi (CI) inamandla asemthethweni. Nje ukuba kuqinisekiswe ngawo omabini amaqela, iba luxwebhu olusemthethweni ekufuneka macala omabini abambelele kulo kwaye lurekhodi olusesikweni emva kokuba kugqitywe intengiselwano.
3.Inqanaba leNgcaciso kuMxholo:
Umxholo weProforma I-invoyisi (PI) ilula, ngokuqhelekileyo ibandakanya kuphela inkcazo esisiseko yempahla, ubuninzi, ixabiso leyunithi, kunye nolunye ulwazi oluphambili ukwazisa ngokukhawuleza umthengi malunga nemeko esisiseko yentengiselwano.
I-invoyisi yezoRhwebo (CI), nangona kunjalo, ichazwe ngakumbi; ayibandakanyi kuphela ulwazi olucacileyo malunga nempahla kodwa ibandakanya imimiselo yexabiso, iimeko zokuhlawula, iinkcukacha zokuhanjiswa, njl., Ukubonelela ngesikhokelo esithile kunye nobungqina benyathelo ngalinye lentengiselwano. Ngamafutshane, i-PI sisixhobo sonxibelelwano phambi kokuthengiselana, ngelixa i-CI irekhodi elisemthethweni kunye noxwebhu olusemthethweni emva kokuba ukuthengiswa kugqityiwe.
Isishwankathelo, I-Invoyisi yeProforma yinyathelo lokulungiselela phambi kokuthengiselana, esetyenziselwa ukugqiba iinkcukacha zomyalelo; I-invoyisi yoRhwebo yirekhodi esemthethweni emva kwentengiselwano, eqinisekisa ukukhuselwa kwawo omabini amaqela’ amalungelo kunye nomdla, kwaye isetyenziselwa ukugqibezela intlawulo kunye nenkqubo yokukhutshwa kwempahla.
Kwishishini elisebenzayo, inkqubo yokusebenza kwezi ntlobo zimbini ze ii-invoyisi nayo yahlukile. Ukukunceda ukuba uqonde ngcono, mandikwazise ezi nkqubo zimbini zilandelayo:
- Inkqubo yokusebenza kwePI: Emva kothethathethwano lokuqala, kufuneka ulungiselele ngokusesikweni i-invoyisi ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zomthengi, echaza ulwazi lwemveliso kunye neemeko zentengiselwano ukuze umthengi aqinisekise.
- Inkqubo yokusebenza yeCI: Emva kokuba iimpahla zithunyelwe, kufuneka ukhuphe i-invoyisi yorhwebo ngokusekelwe kwiinkcukacha zangempela zokuthumela ukuhlawula kwabathengi kunye nokukhutshwa kwempahla.
Ngamafutshane, i-PI inceda ukumisela umyalelo, ngelixa i-CI iqinisekisa ukuba ufumana intlawulo kwaye ugqibe ukucocwa kwempahla.
Xa usebenzisa ezi ntlobo zimbini ze ii-invoyisi, kufuneka unikele ingqalelo ekulawuleni iingozi ezinxulumeneyo:
1. Ilahleko ye-invoyisi okanye ukonakala:
Ukuthintela imingcipheko enxulumene ne i-invoyisi ilahleko okanye umonakalo, kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise inkqubo yolawulo loxwebhu lwe-elektroniki ukwenzela ugcino lwe-elektroniki ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko nokuthembeka kwedatha yakho. Ngale ndlela, nokuba i-invoyisi yephepha ilahlekile okanye yonakele, unokubuyisela ngokukhawuleza idatha ngokusebenzisa i-electronic backups, ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kweshishini.
2.Ulwazi lwe-invoyisi engachanekanga okanye engahambelaniyo:
Ukuze ugweme imiba yerhafu ebangelwa ulwazi lwe-invoyisi engachanekanga okanye engahambelaniyo, kufuneka uqinisekise ngokungqongqo lonke ulwazi olukwi-invoyisi ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwayo. Oku kubandakanya iinkcukacha eziphambili ezifana namagama emveliso, izixa, amaxabiso, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba i-invoyisi umxholo uhambelana nentengiselwano eyiyo. Ngokuseka inkqubo yophononongo olungqongqo kunye neendlela zolawulo lwangaphakathi, unokunciphisa ngempumelelo amathuba okuba neempazamo.
Amazwe ahlukeneyo kunye nemimandla ineemfuno ezahlukeneyo zolawulo kunye nemigangatho yezi ntlobo zimbini ze ii-invoyisi, kwaye kufuneka uqonde kwaye uhambelane nale migaqo:
1. IMigangatho yoLawulo lwee-invoyisi zeProforma:
Kwamanye amazwe, proforma ii-invoyisi zinokusetyenziswa njengesiseko sokufaka izicelo zeelayisensi zokungenisa elizweni, ngoko ke kufuneka zihambelane nemithetho nemimiselo yasekuhlaleni. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba i-invoyisi yeproforma iqulethe lonke ulwazi oluyimfuneko ukuze uphumelele inkqubo yokuphonononga kakuhle.
2.IMigangatho yoLawulo lwee-invoyisi zoRhwebo:
Ezorhwebo ii-invoyisi ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka ibandakanye ulwazi oluthile olufana neekhowudi ze-HS, iirhafu, iimali zokuthumela ngenqanawa, iintlawulo ze-inshorensi, njl. Olu lwazi lubalulekile kumasiko ukumisela imisebenzi kunye nezinye iirhafu, ngoko kufuneka uqinisekise ukuchaneka kunye nokuphelela kwe-invoyisi yorhwebo ukuphepha ukulibaziseka okanye iindleko ezongezelelweyo kwi-custos clearance.
Itekhnoloji zale mihla, ezinje ngetekhnoloji yokuqaphela i-invoyisi, inokuphucula ukusebenza kunye nokuchaneka kokusetyenzwa kwe-invoyisi:
1.Ukunciphisa Iindleko Zabasebenzi:
Itekhnoloji yokuqaphela i-invoyisi inokutshintsha inani elikhulu lomsebenzi wokungena kwedatha ngesandla, ukunciphisa iimfuno zabasebenzi. Ngokuzenzekelayo ukusetyenzwa kwedatha ye-invoyisi, unokugcina ixesha kunye nezixhobo ngelixa unciphisa iimpazamo ezibangelwa yimisebenzi yezandla.
2.Ukunciphisa iimpazamo zaBantu:
Ngokufunda koomatshini kunye nobuchwepheshe bobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, iinkqubo zokuqaphela i-invoyisi zinokukhupha ngokuchanekileyo ulwazi lwe-invoyisi kunye nokunciphisa iimpazamo. Ezi teknoloji zinokuthelekisa ngokuzenzekelayo ulwazi lwe-invoyisi kunye namaxwebhu ahambelanayo afana nemiyalelo yokuthenga kunye nokufumana iingxelo, ukuchonga i-anomalies kwaye ngoko ukunciphisa umngcipheko wobuqhetseba bezemali kumashishini.
Makhe sibonise ukusetyenziswa kwezi ntlobo zimbini ze ii-invoyisi ngomzekelo wobomi bokwenyani. Masithi ungumenzi wecandelo lombane waseTshayina, kwaye umxhasi wakho waseMelika, iNkampani ye-ABC, uceba ukungenisa ibhetshi yamacandelo e-elektroniki avela kuwe.
1.Uthethwano lokuqala kunye nokusetyenziswa kwePI:
Ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zeNkampani ye-ABC, ulungiselele iproforma i-invoyisi (PI) echaza iindidi, amanani, amaxabiso eyunithi, amaxabiso ewonke, imigaqo yokuhlawula, imihla yokuhanjiswa, kunye neendlela zokuthumela ngenqanawe zamacandelo e-elektroniki.
Le PI yanceda iNkampani ye-ABC ukuba ivavanye kwaye ithetha-thethane, kwaye yaphinda yasetyenziselwa ukufaka isicelo samaphepha-mvume okungenisa elizweni kunye nezabelo zotshintshiselwano lwangaphandle kumasebe afanelekileyo aseU.S.
2.Ukuthumela kunye nokusetyenziswa kweCI:
Emva kokugqitywa kokuthunyelwa kwempahla, ukhuphe intengiso i-invoyisi (CI) ebandakanya zonke iinkcukacha zentengiselwano. INkampani yakwa-ABC isebenzise i-invoyisi yorhwebo ukucocwa kwempahla kunye nokuhlawula emva kokuba ifunyenwe.
Ukuqonda umahluko kunye nokusetyenziswa kwePI kunye neCI kubalulekile kwishishini lakho kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Abakuncedi kuphela ukucacisa imimiselo yentengiselwano kodwa baqinisekisa ukuba semthethweni kunye nokungafihli kwesivumelwano. Njenge-arhente yokuthenga, siyakucebisa ukuba uqonde nzulu ukubaluleka kwala maxwebhu kwaye uwasebenzise ngokuchanekileyo kwishishini elisebenzayo ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokunciphisa imingcipheko.
Sijonge phambili ekusebenzeni nawe ukuhlola amathuba angenasiphelo emarike yehlabathi. Qhagamshelana nathi – Masisebenze kunye ukudala impumelelo.
