Ukunyuka kweTshayina njengoqoqosho lwezorhwebo luqhutywa luthungelwano olukhulu lwemveliso olusasazeka kwizixeko kwilizwe liphela.
Ngokoluhlu lwezixeko eziphezulu ze-100 zaseTshayina zorhwebo zangaphandle ngo-2022 ezikhutshwe yi “China Customs” yeGeneral Administration of Customs, amahlanu aphezulu yiShenzhen, iShanghai, iSuzhou, iNingbo, neGuangzhou. Le yipatheni ngokubanzi ubuncinane kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo.
1.Shenzhen
I-Shenzhen Customs ibhengeze kwangolo suku lunye ukuba kwiinyanga ezili-11 zokuqala ze-2023, ukungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle kwe-Shenzhen kuphelele kwi-3.51 yezigidigidi ze-yuan, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka kwe-6.3%, kubekwe kwindawo yokuqala phakathi kwezixeko ezilishumi eziphezulu zorhwebo zangaphandle kweli lizwe;
Eyaziwa ngokuba yiTshayina “ISilicon Valley,” IShenzhen sisixeko esinyakazelayo kwiPhondo laseGuangdong esaziwa ngoshishino lwemveliso yombane. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iShenzhen ilawula imarike yokuthumela ngaphandle ngeemveliso ezahlukeneyo ze-elektroniki, kubandakanya ii-smartphones, iitafile kunye nombane wabathengi. Ukujonga phambili kwi-2023, i-Shenzhen kulindeleke ukuba igcine indawo yayo ephezulu kwishishini le-elektroniki, kunye nezinto ezintsha kwitekhnoloji ye-5G, ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa kunye nezixhobo ezihlakaniphile eziqhuba ukukhula kokuthumela ngaphandle.
2.Shanghai
Ngokweenkcukacha-manani ezikhutshwe yi-Shanghai Customs nge-19 kaDisemba, ka-2023, kwiinyanga ezili-11 zokuqala zika-2023, ixabiso lilonke le-Shanghai yokungenisa kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle yayiyi-3.86 yetriliyoni ye-yuan, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka nge-1.2%, irekhodi eliphezulu, kwaye libekwe kwindawo. kuqala elizweni. Phakathi kwazo, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle kwaba yi-1.59 yeetriliyoni zeeyuan, ukwanda kwe-1.7%; iimpahla ezisuka kumazwe angaphandle beziyi-2.27 yetriliyoni yeyuan, ukwanda kwe-0.8%.
Njengesona sixeko sikhulu saseTshayina kunye neziko lezemali lehlabathi, iShanghai idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwindawo yaseTshayina yokuthumela ngaphandle. Ibekwe ecaleni kweDelta yoMlambo iYangtze, iShanghai inendawo efanelekileyo yejografi kwaye sesona sixeko sinezibuko esikhulu kunye nendawo yezothutho, ekhuthaza ukuhamba korhwebo lwangaphakathi nolwangaphandle. Kulindeleke ukuba ngo-2023, ukuthunyelwa kwe-Shanghai kumazwe angaphandle kumashishini afana noomatshini, iinxalenye zemoto kunye namayeza aya kuqhubeka nokukhula, eqhutywa lutyalo-mali kwimveliso ephezulu kunye neteknoloji.
Kwiinyanga ezili-11 zokuqala zika-2023, i-Shanghai yathumela i-1.1 yetriliyoni ye-yuan yeemveliso zoomatshini kunye nombane, ukwanda kwe-3.5%, kubalelwa kwi-69.5% yexabiso lilonke lokuthumela ngaphandle ngexesha elifanayo. Ngexesha elifanayo, ukuthunyelwa kwezithuthi zombane zabakhweli kwakuyi-115.09 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, ukwanda kwe-45.3%; ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kweebhetri ze-lithium kwaba yi-35.82 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, ukwanda kwe-56.5%; ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe iiseli zelanga kwaba 8.4 billion yuan, ukwanda nge-9.1%.
3.Suzhou
I-Suzhou ikwiPhondo laseJiangsu kwaye yaziwa ngokubaluleka kwayo kwimbali kunye nobuchule bayo bemveliso bale mihla. Iipaki zemizi-mveliso eziphuhliswe kakuhle zesixeko kunye nendawo ecwangcisiweyo zenza indawo ekhethwayo yotyalo-mali lwangaphandle kunye namashishini ajolise kumazwe angaphandle. Ngowama-2023, iSuzhou iza kukhokela ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe koomatshini abachanekileyo, ubuchwephesha obuphezulu be-elektroniki kunye nemathiriyeli ephucukileyo kunye nabasebenzi abanobuchule kunye nenethiwekhi yobonelelo oluluqilima.
Ishishini leefowuni eziphathwayo yeyona nto iphambili eqhuba ukukhula korhwebo lwangaphandle lwaseSuzhou. Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuNovemba, isixeko sathumela ngaphandle kwe-189.65 yeebhiliyoni zee-yuan zeefowuni eziphathwayo, ukunyuka kwe-67.9%, ukunyusa ukuthunyelwa kwesixeko ngaphandle kweepesenti ze-5.4. Kwangelo xesha linye, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwezixhobo zemoto kunye nezixhobo ezincedisayo kunyuke nge-20.5%, kwaye ukuthunyelwa kwempahla yendlu kwamanye amazwe kunyuke nge-5.9%.
4.Ningbo
Ifumaneka kwiPhondo laseZhejiang, iNingbo sisixeko esiselunxwemeni esaziwa ngezibuko laso elidlamkileyo kunye neshishini lemveliso elikhulayo. Ukusondela kwesi sixeko eShanghai kunye neendlela ezifanelekileyo zomoya ziyenza ibe yeyona ndawo ifanelekileyo kumashishini ajolise kumazwe angaphandle.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwisiseko sayo esomeleleyo sokwenziwa kwemveliso kunye neenzuzo zeziseko zophuhliso, iNingbo ibone ukukhula okubonakalayo ekuthunyelweni kweemveliso zobugcisa obuphezulu. Kwiinyanga ezili-11 zokuqala zika-2023, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle kufikelele kwi-60.4 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka nge-9.1%. Phakathi kwazo, umthamo wokuthumela ngaphandle kweemveliso eziphambili ezifana netekhnoloji ye-elektroniki, itekhnoloji enxulumene nekhompyuter, itekhnoloji yezixhobo, kunye netekhnoloji ye-optoelectronic zonke zifezekiswe ukukhula okuphindwe kabini unyaka nonyaka.
5.Guangzhou
IGuangzhou, ikomkhulu lePhondo laseGuangdong, sisixeko esidlamkileyo esinembali ende kunye neshishini lemveliso elikhulayo. Isikhundla sobuchule sesi sixeko kwingingqi yePearl River Delta kunye namaqela emizi-mveliso asekwe kakuhle asinika indawo ebalaseleyo kumashishini ajolise kumazwe angaphandle.
Kwiikota ezintathu zokuqala ze-2023, ukuthengiswa kwe-Guangzhou yeemveliso zoomatshini kunye nombane kwanda nge-9.9%, kubalwa i-46.5% yexabiso lilonke lokuthumela ngaphandle; ukungenisa kunye nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kunye namazwe ngokubambisana ukwakha “Ibhanti kunye neNdlela” inyuke nge-16.4% unyaka nonyaka, kwaye ukuthengwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle kunye nokuthunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle kuMbindi Mpuma kunye ne-Afrika kunyuke nge-19.4% unyaka nonyaka ngokulandelelanayo. % kunye ne-32.4%. Kufundwe kumasebe achaphazelekayo ukuba eli phulo liya kuqhubeka ngo-Okthobha nangoNovemba ka-2023.
IShenzhen, iShanghai, iSuzhou, iNingbo kunye neGuangzhou zizixeko ezibalulekileyo eTshayina eziqhuba ukuveliswa nokukhula kwamanye amazwe. Isixeko ngasinye sineengenelo ezizodwa, ukusuka kubuchule obutsha ukuya kwizinto ezicwangcisiweyo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe ngumdlali ophambili ekuqulunqeni indawo yokuthumela ngaphandle kweTshayina ngo-2023 nangaphaya. Njengoko ezi zixeko ziqhubeka nokuphuhlisa kwaye zilungelelanise iindlela zeemarike zehlabathi, ziya kuqhubeka nokwenza igalelo elibalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho lwaseTshayina kunye norhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe.
