Njengenxalenye ephambili yolawulo lokuthengwa kwempahla, ukuthengwa kwearhente kungekuphela nje kulwazi lokufumana izinto, kodwa kufuneka nokuqonda okunzulu kweenkonzo zempahla zaMazwe ngaMazwe. Eli nqaku liza kusebenza kwimicimbi emihlanu leyo Abathumeli ngaphandle Uninzi luxakekile malunga neenkonzo zempahla zaMazwe ngaMazwe, kwaye zinike izisombululo kunye neengcebiso ezivela kwimbono yobungcali ukuphucula lula kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwempahla yokuthengwa kwearhente.
1. Ulawulo lweendleko
Eyona nto iphambili ngayo Abathumeli ngaphandle i Ungalawula njani ngokufezekileyo Iindleko zeLogistics. Njengokuthengwa kwe-agem, singanceda Abathumeli ngaphandle Ukucutha iindleko zelogi ngezi ndlela zilandelayo:
- Uhlalutyo lweendleko: Uhlalutyo lweendleko lwezibonelelo zeendlela ezahlukeneyo zothutho (ulwandle, umoya, umhlaba) ukukhetha olona khetho loqoqosho lwezoqoqosho.
- Izibonelelo zokuThengwa kweBuninzi: Ngokuthengwa kwempahla kunye nokuhamba okuphakathi, ukuthutha okuninzi, ukuqoqosho lwesikali kunokufezekiswa kwaye iindleko zothutho lweyunithi zinokuncitshiswa.
- Intsebenziswano yexesha elide: Ukuseka ubudlelwane bexesha elide kunye nabanikezeli beenkonzo ukuba balwele amaxabiso angcono okuhamba.
- Ukungafihli indleko: Bonelela Abathumeli ngaphandle Ngeengxelo zohlalutyo lweendleko ezichaziweyo, kubandakanya ukuthutha, i-inshurensi, imisebenzi yesiko kunye nezinye iindleko, ukufezekisa ulawulo lweendleko.
Umzekelo, Ukuthunyelwa kwenkunkuma, Impahla yolwandle yindlela efanelekileyo yokuhamba ngenxa yeendleko zayo ezisezantsi, kwaye ngaphandle kwexesha elinde lokuhamba, luhlobo olusebenzayo lwendleko iimpahla Ayisiyomfuneko kwimfuno engxamisekileyo yokuhanjiswa ngokukhawuleza.
Kwelinye icala, ukuhambisa ixesha lokufuphi nexesha lefashoni ekufuneka kuphendulwe ngokukhawuleza kwimfuno yentengiso okanye iimveliso zokutya ezinobomi beshelufa emfutshane, impahla yomoya ithandeka ngenxa yokuhambisa ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, iindleko zempahla yomoya ziphakame kakhulu, ukuthengwa kwearhente kufuneka kunobunzima obuziindleko kunye nexesha xa kuphuhlisa izixhobo zokuhlangabezana nezidingo zabathengi.
Oku kufuna ukuqonda okunzulu kweempawu ze iimpahla, kubandakanya nabo ubungakanani, ubunzima, ubungozi okanye ubuthathaka, kunye nexesha lokuhambisa abathengi kunye neengxaki zohlahlo-lwabiwo mali. Ngokusekwe kolu lwazi, ukufunyanwa kwearhente kuyakwazi ukuyila izisombululo zezinto ezihleliweyo eziziindleko zombini kwaye ziqinisekise ukuhanjiswa kwangexesha.
I-2. Ixesha lokuhamba kwemoto
Ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza nokungqinisisa kwempahla yenye inkxalabo Abathumeli ngaphandle. Njengomthengi wearhente, singathatha la manyathelo alandelayo ukunciphisa ixesha lokuhamba:
- Indlela yempahla Ulungiselelo: Ngokuhlalutya iindlela ezahlukeneyo zempahla, indlela ekhawulezayo yokuhamba ikhethiwe.
- Cwangcisa phambili: Sebenza nge Abathumeli ngaphandle Ukucwangcisa kwangaphambili kwiishedyuli zokuthumela ukunqanda ukulibaziseka ngexesha le-peak.
- Inkqubo yokwenyani yexesha lokwenyani: Nikezela ngeenkonzo zokulandela umkhondo we-trugo ukuqinisekisa ukuba Abathumeli ngaphandle Ngaba uyayazi imeko kunye nendawo yempahla ngexesha lokwenyani.
- Isicwangciso sokuphendula ngexesha likaxakeka: Phuhlisa isicwangciso sokuhamba ngokungxamisekileyo sokuhambisa ukulibaziseka, njengezinto ezingalindelekanga ezinjengemozulu, imisitho yezopolitiko, njl.
Ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yolawulo lwezinto eziphambili zolawulo, sinokubeka esweni inqanaba lokuthuthuka kwemithwalo ngexesha lokwenyani, sihlengahlengise isicwangciso sothutho ngexesha, kwaye siqinisekise ukuba iimpahla zifike ngexesha.
I Izibonelelo yenkqubo enjalo kukukwazi ukujongana nemicimbi yezothutho ngendlela yexesha elifanelekileyo, ukunciphisa ilahleko enokubakho, kwaye unyuse Ukoneliseka kwabathengi ngeenkonzo zempahla.
Ukuthatha izinto ze-china ane njengomzekelo, Inkampani ilunge iluhlaza ngokuzenzekelayo kwiZiko loHlalo-mali leXiashen e-Hangzhou, Zhejiang, kunye neZiko lokuHambisa leZhengzhou e-Honan, exhomekeke kwi-Hhengzhou Letsions kwi-Honan, ethembela kwi-Scansol Scan kunye nokuKhangela, kwaye uyaqonda ukusebenza ngokuzenzekelayo kweempahla.
Inkqubo inokucwangcisa Iipesenti ezingama-30,000 zeempahla ngosuku, ngencopho ye Ama-40,000 amaqhekeza Kwishishino enye, enciphisa iindleko zomsebenzi kwaye iphucula kakhulu ukusebenza ngokutsha.
Ngokwesifundo setyala, Ixesha lokuhamba eliphakathi lempahla lincitshisiwe nge-30% Ngokwenza izinto eziphezulu zempahla, isiphumo esiboniswe kwisibuko se-Huai'an, China, esiye samisela ngempumelelo unxibelelwano olungenamthungo phakathi kwenqanaba le-inland kunye nentambo yolwandle ngentsebenziswano neenkampani zehlabathi, zenza entsha Ijelo elifanelekileyo nelufanelekileyo, kunye Imali eyonga imali ephakathi ye-50% nganye yesikhongozelo.
Ezi datha zibonisa ngokupheleleyo ukubaluleka kokwenza okomeleleyo Iinkqubo zolawulo lwezinto kunye neendlela zokuphucula izixhobo zokusebenza kakuhle kwezinto kunye nokunciphisa iindleko.
3. Uluhlu lwamaxabiso kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo werhafu
Abathumeli ngaphandle Kufuneka uqonde amasiko kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yerhafu yelizwe eliya kulo ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kunye nesicwangciso sendleko ngobulumko. Ukuthengwa kwearhente kunokunceda kwezi ndlela zilandelayo:
- Iinkonzo zokubonisana ngeRhafu: Nikezela ngeenkonzo zokubonisana kweenkonzo zobungcali zeerhafu ukunceda Abathumeli ngaphandle Qonda imigaqo-nkqubo yeRhafu yamazwe ahlukeneyo.
- Ukucwangciswa kweRhafu: Nceda Abathumeli ngaphandle Ngocwangciso lwerhafu kwaye unciphise umthwalo wabo werhafu ngokuthatha ithuba lokunyanga iimvumelwano zerhafu kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokhetho.
- Ukujonga ukuthotyelwa: Qinisekisa ukuba onke amaxwebhu angaphandle athobela iimfuno zokungenisa ilizwe, ukuthintela iindleko ezongezelelweyo kunye nokulibaziseka ngenxa yemicimbi yamaxwebhu.
Ngokusebenza nomcebisi werhafu wobuchule, sinokubonelela Abathumeli ngaphandle Ngolwazi lomgaqo-nkqubo werhafu lwamva nje wokubanceda bacwangcise irhafu ngokufanelekileyo kwaye banciphise iindleko. Kuqikelelwa ukuba Abathumeli ngaphandle Unokunciphisa iindleko zerhafu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-15% yokucwangciswa kwerhafu efanelekileyo.
I-4. Ukulandela umkhondo we-Cargo kunye nokhuseleko
Ukhuseleko kunye nokulandelwa okwenyani kweempahla ngexesha lokuhamba kubaluleke kakhulu kwi Abathumeli ngaphandle. I-Arhente yokuthenga inokuthatha la manyathelo alandelayo ukuphucula ukuchaneka nokhuseleko lokulandela umkhondo we-thygo:
- Isicelo seTekhnoloji: Sebenzisa itekhnoloji yanamhlanje yezinto, ezinje nge-RFID, i-GPS, njl njl, ukuphucula ukuchaneka kokulandela umkhondo wemoto.
- Iinkonzo zeinshurensi: Nika iinkonzo zeinshurensi zemoto ze Abathumeli ngaphandle ukunciphisa umngcipheko ngexesha lokuhamba.
- Ukupakisha okukhuselekileyo: Qinisekisa ukuba ukupakishwa kweempahla kuhlangabezana nemigangatho yezothutho yamanye amazwe kwaye kunciphise umngcipheko womonakalo weempahla ngexesha lokuhamba.
- Ukukhetha iqabaneKhetha iqabane elidumileyo lezinto zokuqinisekisa ukufika okukhuselekileyo neyokufika kwempahla yakho.
Umzekelo, ngokusebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-blockchain, sinokuqinisekisa ukungaguquguquki kolwazi lwempahla kunye nokuphucula ukucaca kunye nokhuseleko lokulandela umkhondo wempahla. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba ukwamkelwa kwe-blockchain ye-blockchain kunciphise izinga lezinto ezilahlekileyo okanye ezonakeleyo ngama-40%.
I-McDonald's Corporal yi-themetion ye-thein ye-tein yokutya i-tein enesihloko sokucwangcisa irhafu sitsalele ingqalelo enkulu kwihlabathi liphela. I-MCDonald ifumene i-MCDonald yeRhafu yokuseta i-MCD ye-MCD ye-MCD Franching SIARNCHE SPARCHEATLE NEPHONDO LENKUNDLA YOKUZIPHATHA ELuxembourg.
Ekupheleni kuka-2008, iMcDonald idluliselwe i-European yeNkampani yeNkampani ye-Luxembourg emva kokuba uLuxembourg wabhengeza ukuba iya kunandipha inqanaba lerhafu ephantsi kwingeniso yengeniso. Esi sicwangciso sivumela inkampani ukuba isebenzise ngokusemthethweni irhafu yexabiso lerhafu ye-Luxembourg kwaye ihambisa inxalenye yenzuzo enxulumene ne-IP kunye nomthwalo werhafu esezantsi, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa kakhulu umthwalo werhafu yenkampani.
In July 2009, McDonald’s moved its European headquarters from London to Geneva, a move that enabled the company to strategically manage key international property rights in Switzerland, including granting these rights to McDonald’s franchisees in Europe. Ngale nkqubo yokuhlawula irhafu, iMcDonald's yandise ngempumelelo irhafu yayo eYurophu kwaye yafumana injongo yolungelelwaniso lwerhafu.
Ngala manyathelo okucwangcisa irhafu, iMcDonald ayiyinciphisi iindleko zerhafu kuphela, kodwa iphucula ukhuphiswano lwayo kwintengiso yehlabathi. Ngokusebenzisa irhafu esebenzayo, Abathumeli ngaphandle Akukwazi kuphela ukunciphisa umthwalo wabo werhafu, kodwa nangokulawula ukuhamba kwemali enqamlezileyo kunye nokwandisa ishishini labo leShishini leHlabathi.
5. Ukufikelela kwimakethi kunye nokuthotyelwa
Kwimeko yeshishini yehlabathi, Abathumeli ngaphandle Jongana nemiceli mngeni emininzi xa ungena kwiimarike ezintsha, phakathi kophando lwentengiso kunye nesikhokelo sokuthobela kubaluleke kakhulu. Oku kulandelayo luhlalutyo olunzulu kunye nophando lokwenyani lwenkqubo yokubonisa indlela yokuthengwa kwearhente anokunceda ngayo abathumeli ngaphandle kwimakethi ejolise kuyo.
- Uphando lwemakethi: Nika uphando lwentengiso kwimarike ekujoliswe kuyo, kubandakanya iimfuno zabathengi, umahluko ngokwenkcubeko kunye nemikhwa yeshishini.
- Isikhokelo sokuThibela: Isikhokelo Abathumeli ngaphandle Ukuthobela imithetho nemigaqo yemakethi ekujoliswe kuyo, kubandakanya imigangatho yemveliso, iimfuno zokupakisha, njl.
- Iinkonzo zokuqinisekiswa: Nceda Abathumeli ngaphandle Ukufumana iziqinisekiso ezifanelekileyo zemveliso, njengokumakisha, ukuvunywa kwe-FDA, njl.
- Iinkonzo zeKhaya: Nikezela ngeenkonzo zokwenza indawo, kubandakanya nokuguqulelwa kweLwimi, ukuguqulwa kwenkcubeko, njl. Njl. Abathumeli ngaphandle ngcono ukuhlanganisa kwimarike yendawo.
Ngokusebenzisana neengcali zokuthotyelwa kwendawo, sinokubonelela ngezisombululo ezifikelela ngokweziko Abathumeli ngaphandle Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zabo zinokungena ngokutyibilikayo kwimakethi ekujoliswe kuyo. Ngokutsho kophando lwentengiso, intengiso entsha yokuthengisa yabathengisi inyuke nge-25% ngeendlela ezifanelekileyo zokufikelela kwintengiso.
Ukuthatha igama elivela eTshayina njengomzekelo, imisebenzi yenkampani eIndonesia isekwe ekuqondeni kokubonelela ngeemveliso ezilungileyo zabathengi, ukuqalisa ulwazi malunga nokudibanisa amandla obuchwephesha kunye nokwahlulahlula amava emveliso kubathengi basekhaya. Esi siCwangciso seNdawo esiNgezelelweyo saseKhaya asizange sincede nje ukuba siphumelele kwimarike yase-Asiya esemzantsi-mpuma, kodwa ikwanikezele ngamava okufikelela kwintengiso yabanye Abathumeli ngaphandle.
Impumelelo ye-Indonesia inokuthi ichazwe kwizinto ezininzi eziphambili. Okokuqala, yiphikisana nomgaqo we “Eyona ndawo ilungileyo yehlabathi yindawo yokuhlala”, ukubonelela ngeemveliso ezilungiselelwe iimpawu zentengiso yendawo nge-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-in-nzulu yemakethi yaseIndonesia kunye neemfuno zabathengi. Umzekelo, uchaze ukuba abathengi baseIndonesia basebenzisa iingxowa zamanzi ezingalunganga xa besebenzisa iifowuni zabo ngeentsuku zemvula, ezichaphazela ukusebenza kweefowuni. Ke ngoko, i-chapve yongezwe unyango lwe-manziofproofproofprooferaf kwimveliso yayo entsha. Ukongeza, iqela liye laqaphela imfuno yabathengi baseIndonesia kwiipensile zokubhala ngesandla kwiifowuni ezinkulu zespile, kunye nokhetho lwabo lweefowuni. Ke ngoko, uchaze iipensile ezibhantiweyo kunye nefowuni enxibe ngokupheleleyo iifowuni ngeefowuni ezinkulu zespile ezisungulwe eIndonesia.
Okwesibini, i-chappe isungule i-N2 Flip, ifowuni encinci yescreen eIndonesia. Le fowuni ibonisa isikrini esikhulu esithe nkqo esithe nkqo kwaye sisebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-Hinge ekhulelweyo, esenza ukuba iphantse yangabi nakwenzeka ukubona i-creases kwiscreen esingesosidingo, ngaloo ndlela iba yintshatsheli yeli nqanaba kwi-Indonesia. Oku akubonisi kuphela ukuqonda kwelinye intengiso yentengiso kunye neemveliso, kodwa kukufuna amandla ovavanyo njengesiseko.
Ngokweenkonzo, ichasa ichasise phantse i-160 yeenkonzo zenkonzo yasemva kwe-160 kwi-Indonesia ukubonelela ngokhuseleko ngokupheleleyo kubathengi basekhaya. Eli nqanaba lotyalo-mali kunye nokuzimisela kwingcambu eIndonesia kuyabonakala.
Okokugqibela, uxeliso ubonelela ngokhuseleko kwingeniso kumaqabane asetangeni, ngokusekwe kumgaqo wokuxhaphaka, inkqubo yamaxabiso ahlanganiswe, kwaye isebenza ngenkxaso yabasebenzi, ukuqinisekisa inkxaso yexesha elide kumaqabane aseIndonesia. I-chatsion ifuna ukubonelela ngabathengisi bendawo ngenzuzo yenzuzo enkulu ephezulu kunenqanaba leshishini, kwaye sikhokele abasasazi ukwenza imali yexesha elide. Ifuna ngokungqongqo ngabasasazi ukuba bangathengisiki okanye baphantsi, kwaye inkampani nganye kufuneka ithengise ngokwexabiso eliqhelekileyo.
Ngala matyala obomi bokwenyani, sinokubona ukuba ukuthengwa kwearhente kubonelela ngezisombululo ezifikelela ngokwezithuthi ze Abathumeli ngaphandle Ngokunika uphando lwentengiso, isikhokelo sokuthobela, iinkonzo zokuqinisekiswa, kunye neenkonzo zekhaya, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zabo zinokungena kwimakethi ekujoliswe kuyo. Ezi nkonzo azincedi nje ukuba abathumeli banciphise ubunzima bokufikelela kwimakethi, kodwa kukhulisa ukhuphiswano lwabo kwiimarike ezintsha. Ityala elixeliweyo lingqina ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwesicwangciso esinzulu sekhaya kwaye sinikezela ngokubhekisele kokunye Abathumeli ngaphandle.
6. Ulawulo lomngcipheko
Kwimilo yamazwe ngamazwe, ulawulo lomngcipheko yinxalenye engenakutyeshelwa. Ukufunyanwa kweproxy inokunceda Abathumeli ngaphandle Ngovavanyo lomngcipheko kunye nolawulo ngezi ndlela zilandelayo:
Ukuchongwa komngcipheko: Linyathelo lokuqala kulawulo lomngcipheko wezinto, olubandakanya ukuqokelelwa kunye nolwazi lolwazi lwangaphakathi nolungaphandle lokuchonga imithombo yolwazi enokuthi ichaphazele imisebenzi yempahla, njengentlekele yendalo, iguquko lomgaqo-nkqubo, imakethi yokutshintsha, njl.
Umzekelo, umngcipheko wendalo esingqongileyo awulawulwa zizinto zabantu kwaye azilindelekanga, kwaye ezomngcipheko zibangelwa yimpembelelo yokutshintsha kwemozulu, njengokuhlaselwa kwemvula ngequbuliso, iinyikima, iinyikima, kunye neemfazwe.
Uvavanyo lomngcipheko: Luhlalutyo lobungakanani bemingcipheko echongiweyo, ukuvavanya ukubakho kwendawo yazo kunye nenqanaba lempembelelo ezinokubakho, ukumisela inqanaba lomngcipheko, kunye nokubonelela ngesiseko solawulo lomngcipheko olulandelayo.
Uvavanyo lomngcipheko kwi-WOPOS lwezinto ezifuna ukuqondwa kwezinto ezisemngciphekweni wezinto, kubandakanya umngcipheko wokuphazamiseka, umngcipheko wokuhamba, umngcipheko we-inventri, kunye nomngcipheko wemveliso kunye nokumeleyo.
Isicwangciso sokunciphisa umngcipheko: Ngokweziphumo zovavanyo lomngcipheko, yenza amanyathelo afanelekileyo olawulo lomngcipheko, njengeinshurensi yokuthenga, ukuseka izicwangciso zongxamiseko, ukulungisa ubume benethiwekhi yempahla, njl njl.
Umzekelo, ngokwenza imisebenzi yempahla yokwenene kunye nokunciphisa ilahleko emngciphekweni, njengokunyusa amandla okupakisha kunye nokukhetha amaqabane ezolimo ezinokuthenjwa, sinokunciphisa umngcipheko wokulahleka.
I-inshurensi kunye neekhontrakthi: Ukuthengwa kwe-Inshurensi efanelekileyo kunye ne-inshurensi yokuhamba yenye yeendlela ezibalulekileyo zokunciphisa umngcipheko. Qinisekisa ukuba iimpahla zikhuselwe ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha lokuhamba, kwaye zinokubuyiselwa ngokufanelekileyo kwimeko yengozi okanye ilahleko yempahla.
Ukongeza, izivumelwano ezicacileyo nezivumelwano ezinamahlakani ezichaza uxanduva kunye nezibophelelo zinokunceda ekusombululeni iimbambano ezinokubakho kunye nemicimbi yomngcipheko.
Umzekelo, uluhlu lwee-Inshurensi ze-Inshurensi yeNgenyango ngokweenkcukacha ngolwazi oluphambili njengombandela we-inshurensi, imali ye-inshurensi, ukuze ubonelele ngempahla ye-inshurensi, ukuze kubonelelwe ngenkqubo yempahla.
Isiphelo esingasentla
Ngokulungisa imiba esixhenxe ethi inkxalabo Abathumeli ngaphandle Esona sininzi sinokunika lula ishishini lokuthengwa kwearhente kunye nokudala ixabiso ngakumbi Abathumeli ngaphandle.
Kwimeko yeShishini yeHlabathi, iNdima yokuthengwa kwearhente iya isibaluleka ngakumbi. Kufuneka sifunde kwaye siziqhelanise notshintsho lwentengiso ezintsha, sisebenzisa itekhnoloji yale mihla kunye neenkonzo ukubonelela abathengi, okukhuselekileyo, kunye noqoqosho, kunye noqoqosho, noqoqosho.
Sikumema ngokunyanisekileyo ukuba uqhubeke nokukhangela iwebhusayithi yethu ukuze ufumane i-in-in-velth enzulu kunye nezisombululo kwintengiso yearhente. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo malunga neli nqaku okanye ungathanda ukufunda ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga neenkonzo zethu, nceda ungathandabuzi ukuqhagamshelana nathi kwangoko. Sijonge phambili ekusebenzeni nani ukuphonononga izinto ezingenasiphelo kwintengiso yehlabathi kunye!
